Under the topic,we will cover several aspects,they are,
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Computer and its components
4. an operating system
1.Hardware
Refers to objects that we can actually see and touch, like disks,display screens, keyboards, printers,processor,memory and chips.Refer figure 1 and 2
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| Figure 1 : Refer to figure,system unit also called peripheral device. |
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| Figure 2 : shows,an example of hardware (hard disk).Everything that's currently "in the computer" is actually stored on that hard disk |
2.Software
In contrast, software is untouchable. Software exists as ideas, concepts, and symbols.Examples,microsoft word,internet explorer.Handphone,Atm machine is an example of applications developed using proggraming language.
3.Computer and its components
a. Central processing unit /CPU /processor.
Two type of processor :
i. ALU /Aritmethic Logic Unit - performs arithmetic (addressing 4 basic operations,addition,substraction,multiply,division with integers,real number etc )and logical operations.
ii. CU / Control Unit - extracts instructions from memory and decodes
There's too much "stuff" on our computer's hard disk to use it all at the same time. During the session sitting in front of the computer, we will probably use only a small amount of all that's available. The stuff we working with at given moment is stored in random access memory (often abbreviated RAM).
So if RAM is so fast, why not we put everything in it? Why have a hard disk at all? The answer to that lies in the fact that RAM is volatile. As soon as the computer is shut off, whether intentionally or by an accidental power outage, every thing in RAM disappears, just as quickly as a light bulb goes out when the plug is pulled. So you don't want to rely on RAM to hold everything. A disk, on the other hand, holds its information whether the power is on or off.
Hence,all the information is stored on our computer's hard disk. we will never see the actual hard disk because it's sealed inside a special housing and needs to stay that way. Unlike RAM, which is volatile, the hard disk can hold information forever -- with or without electricity.
c.Storage devices -Floppy dicks,zip disc
d.Input and output devices- Keyboard,mouse,speaker
e.Communication devices-Broadband,router
Two type of processor :
i. ALU /Aritmethic Logic Unit - performs arithmetic (addressing 4 basic operations,addition,substraction,multiply,division with integers,real number etc )and logical operations.
ii. CU / Control Unit - extracts instructions from memory and decodes
b. Memory.
Memory can refer to many types of memory within computer,but normally we refered to RAM / Random acces memoryThere's too much "stuff" on our computer's hard disk to use it all at the same time. During the session sitting in front of the computer, we will probably use only a small amount of all that's available. The stuff we working with at given moment is stored in random access memory (often abbreviated RAM).
So if RAM is so fast, why not we put everything in it? Why have a hard disk at all? The answer to that lies in the fact that RAM is volatile. As soon as the computer is shut off, whether intentionally or by an accidental power outage, every thing in RAM disappears, just as quickly as a light bulb goes out when the plug is pulled. So you don't want to rely on RAM to hold everything. A disk, on the other hand, holds its information whether the power is on or off.
Hence,all the information is stored on our computer's hard disk. we will never see the actual hard disk because it's sealed inside a special housing and needs to stay that way. Unlike RAM, which is volatile, the hard disk can hold information forever -- with or without electricity.
c.Storage devices -Floppy dicks,zip disc
d.Input and output devices- Keyboard,mouse,speaker
e.Communication devices-Broadband,router
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